tam cương

Definition
  1. Noun (Historical / Confucian Philosophy):
    • The Three Fundamental Bonds: A key Confucian doctrine defining the three primary hierarchical relationships in feudal society, which are: ruler and subject, father and child, and husband and wife. These bonds emphasize the duty of loyalty and obedience from the subordinate to the superior.
Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • Giáo lý "tam cương" có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến xã hội phong kiến Việt Nam. (The doctrine of the "Three Bonds" had a profound influence on Vietnamese feudal society.)
    • "Tam cương" quy định các mối quan hệ cốt lõi trong đạo đức Nho giáo. ("The Three Bonds" prescribed the core relationships in Confucian ethics.)
Advanced Usage
  • The concept is often discussed in historical, philosophical, or critical analyses of traditional Asian social structures. It is considered a cornerstone of Confucian social order, contrasting with other concepts like the "Five Constant Virtues" ().
Variants and Related Words
  • Ngũ thường (n): The Five Constant Virtues (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and fidelity) in Confucianism, often mentioned alongside .
  • Tam tòng (n): The Three Obediences (of a woman: to father, husband, and son), a related Confucian principle specifically for women.
Synonyms
  • The Three Bonds: The direct English translation.
  • Fundamental social relationships: A descriptive synonym.
  • Confucian hierarchical principles: A contextual synonym.
Related Concepts
  • Quân thần (Ruler and Subject): The bond of loyalty.
  • Phụ tử (Father and Child): The bond of filial piety.
  • Phu phụ (Husband and Wife): The bond of spousal distinction and harmony.